Jean Piaget

Was a Swiss psychologist born in August 9, 1896 and died on September 16, 1980 known for his work on child development.

Piaget place great importance on the education of children. As the director of the international Bureau of Education, he declare in 1934 that only education is capable of saving our societies from possible collapse, whether violent, or gradual. His theory of child development is studied in pre service education programs.

Piaget created the international center for Generic Epistemology in Geneva 1955. Jean Piaget was the great pioneer of the constructivist theory of knowing.

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Chapter's Questionnaire 1. What are the three general principles of DEVELOPMENT? And what implications does this have for us teachers? People develop at different rates Development is relatively orderly Development takes place gradually We as teachers must pay close attention to those students who are less mature in their thinking and social relationship to help them improve these skills, also we should study them in terms of their learning process, behavior, if someone has learning disabilities, to focus on how we can help them without ignoring the children who do not suffer such disorders. 2. What is the gray matter of the brain? Neurons because they are grayish color, and sometimes they are called gray matter of the brain. 3. What is synaptic plasticity? Communication between neurons by synaptic transmissions can be strength or weak depending of patterns of use, so the strength of these synaptic connections is always changing. 4.

Lev Vygotsky

Born in November 17, 1896 and died on june 11, 1934. Soviet psychologist the founder of an unfinished Marxist theory of human cultural and bio social development commonly referred to cultural historical psychology, a prominent advocate for a “science of the superman”, a new psychological theory of consciousness, and leader of the Vygotsky circle. Vygotsky main work was in developmental psychology and he proposed a theory of the development of higher psychological functions that saw human psychological development as emerging through interpersonal connections and actions with the social environment. He argued that human psychological development can be formed through the use of meaningless signs that he viewed as psychological equivalent or instrument use in human labor and industry.