Educational psychology

  Was a Swiss psychologist born in August 9, 1896 and died on September 16, 1980 known for his work on child development. Piaget place great importance on the education of children. As the director of the international Bureau of Education, he declare in 1934 that only education is capable of saving our societies from possible collapse, whether violent, or gradual. His theory of child development is studied in pre service education programs. Piaget created the international center for Generic Epistemology in Geneva 1955. Jean Piaget was the great pioneer of the constructivist theory of knowing.

Born in November 17, 1896 and died on june 11, 1934. Soviet psychologist the founder of an unfinished Marxist theory of human cultural and bio social development commonly referred to cultural historical psychology, a prominent advocate for a “science of the superman”, a new psychological theory of consciousness, and leader of the Vygotsky circle. Vygotsky main work was in developmental psychology and he proposed a theory of the development of higher psychological functions that saw human psychological development as emerging through interpersonal connections and actions with the social environment. He argued that human psychological development can be formed through the use of meaningless signs that he viewed as psychological equivalent or instrument use in human labor and industry.

Born in June 15, 1902 and died on May 12, 1994  Was a German American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory on psychological development of human beings. Erickson served as a professor at prominent institutions, including Harvard, University of California, and Yale.   

Piaget theory of cognitive development  Explains how a child constructs a mental model of the world. He disagreed with the idea that intelligence was a fixed trait, and regarded cognitive development as a process which occurs due to biological maturation and interaction with the environment.  Piaget was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive development. His contributions included a stage of theory of child cognitive development, detailed observational studies of cognition in children, and a series of simple but ingenious tests to reveal different cognitive abilities.  He was interested in fundamental concepts like the idea of number, time, quantity, causality, justice, and so on emerged rather than in how they count, spell or solve problems.  Piaget was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive development. His contributions included a stage of theory of child cognitive development, detailed observational stu...

                                                                                      Vygotsky  Piaget Stages                       Erik Erickson 

Chapter's Questionnaire     1.      What are the three general principles of DEVELOPMENT? And what implications does this have for us teachers?     People develop at different rates Development is relatively orderly Development takes place gradually We as teachers must pay close attention to those students who are less mature in their thinking and social relationship to help them improve these skills, also we should study them in terms of their learning process, behavior, if someone has learning disabilities, to focus on how we can help them without ignoring the children who do not suffer such disorders. 2.   What is the gray matter of the brain? Neurons because they are grayish color, and sometimes they are called gray matter of the brain.  3.     What is synaptic plasticity?  Communication between neurons by synaptic transmissions can be strength or weak depending of patterns of use, so...